Pile shell for concrete piles



April 7, 1931. w. R. MARSDEN 'PILE SHELL FOR CONCRETE FILES Filed April 16, 1928 3 Sheets-Sheet l m F N 3 M f .6 W 1. Z V45 2 M 1 T j. v l Z/... A 4 1 .4. II. I. w SUE. g HUMAN f a v a J 6 r 3 A TTORNEY. v

p 7, 1931- w. MARSDEN 1,799,918

v PILE SHELL FOR CONCRETE PILES Filed April 16, 1928 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 I I i l i I ,i 22

i m ,9 5.. 25 2 ///////a INVEN TOR.

Z TmuflMe/mewm /y5 BY W ATTORNEY.

April 1931. w. R. MARSDEN 1,799,918

'PILE SHELL FOR CONCRETE PILES Filed April 16, 1928 3 Sheets-Sheet 3,

i INVENTOR W/lL/fl R M49505 ATTORNEY Patented Apr. 7, 1931 UNITED- STATES PATENT OFFICE WILLIAM R. MARSDEN, OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK PILE SHELL FOR Application filed April 16,

This invention relates generally to metallic casings for Concrete piles, and particularly to a spirally formed casing and to a method of and means for forming same.

It has for its object the provision of a continuous metallic shell adapted to line a driven hole and to serve as the mold for forming a pile from Concrete poured therein; which shell shall be integral throughout its length and shall be reenforced and water-tight; and which shall be constructed at the site of the pile bymeans adapted to form sameby winding a strip of metal spirally about a mandrel and by interlocking the overlapping edges of the metallic strip.-

These objects and further objects of invention, as hereinafter set forth, are attained by the means illustrated in the accompanying drawings formingpart of this specification, in which Figure 1 shows a finished shell fully imbedded in the ground with the mandrel detached from the pile-driving head; Figure- 2 is a front elevation of the pile-drivershowing a shell in the process of being wound on the mandrel; Figure 3'is a detailed sectional plan on line of'Figure 2, showing the mandrel-revolving mechanism; Figure 4 is a fragmentary section showing the relative position of wire and strip-rolls, edge forming device, joint-locking, and strip-beading or corrugating devices; Figure 5 is a plan view of parts shown in Figure 4; Figure 6 is a section showing. the strip and wire taken at a point where they meet before entering the edge-forming device Figure 7 is a section on line 7-7 of Figure i showing the first edgeforming operation; Figure 8 is a section on line 8-8 of Figure & showing the second edge-formii'ig' operation"; Figure'9 is asection of the strip and wires taken at a point just before the upper edge is locked and the forming of the beads; Figure 10 isa section on line 10-:10j-of Figure 5 showingithe seamlocking and bead-forming device; 'Figure 11 isan enlargedfragmentary section of the completed shell.

In these drawings, like reference numerals indicate like parts throughout the several figures. V

I-is the frame of a pile-driver of usual conooncnnrn PILns 1928. 'Serial No. 270,215.

struction mounted on movable sills. 2 is a collapsible steel manorel rotatably mounted by the annular head having a shoulder 3 supported by the holder l fixed upon the frame in position to be driven by indirect impact of the hammer of the pile-driver.

For the purpose of initially wrapping the mandrel, it may be convenient first to drive a hole with the mandrel encased in a temporary metallic shell or other covering adapted to afford a protection against earth fouling the mandrel and to serve as a means of re straining the earth from filling the hole whilst the mandrel is collapsed and withdrawn for its initial wrapping to form the shell as hereinafter described; then to wrap the mandrel as it is withdrawn from the hole in the manner and by the means herein set forth; and finally to lower the wrapped mandrel back into the hole, and again collapse it, leaving the completed shell or wrapped casing in the hole; then to wrap the mandrel as it is withdrawn. The encased mandrel will thereafter be driven into the ground, and the operation of wrapping the mandrel as withdrawn and driving the encased mandrel may be continued as an operative cycle. As will be understood, the foregoing method of initially wrapping the mandrel is merely stated as a convenient way of accomplishing the preliminary operation which may be performed otherwise, as by wrapping the mandrel with its initial shell by hand, or by special tools, or over a pit suitable for the purpose. a

Assuming. the mandrel to have been prewrapped and driven into the ground, and

collapsed, thereby leaving the shell or casing in the ground, theman'drelis raised until its top is level with the winding device, the

operation is as follows: The end of a metallution of the mandrel is ef plates 27 and 28 with the mandrel holder 12, said shaft having a pinion 13 mounted thereon meshing with a gear 14 driven by the pinion 15 meshing with a vertical rack 16 mounted on one of the members of the frame 1.

The ratio of the gearing for the revolving of the mandrel is such as to insure the proper pitch in the winding of the strip. Mandrel 2 has an annular shoulder 3 fitting into the holder 12 which is detachably locked to the hammer head 12.

As the mandrel is raised and revolved, the strip is wound spirally thereabout to form a continuous shell, which shell is formed by the union of its meeting edges and is re-enforced in the manner and by the means next described.

The strip 5, and two or more wires or rods 21 and 22, are fed from their respective supply spools 5A and 21A into and through an edge-forming device which comprises a U- shaped bracket 24 in which are journalled four forming-rollers 25, 25A, 26 and 26A. These rollers cooperate with two forming as follows: The shape of the rollers 25 and 25A and associated forming plates 27 and 28 is such as first to bend the upper and lower edges of the strip 5, to form flanges extending in opposite directions as shown in Figure 7. These flanged ends then continue between the plates 27 and 2S and through a second pair of shaping rollers 26 and 26A, which bend the edges at an acute angle as shown in Figure 8. The strip then passes to the mandrel. It is to be noted that the bracket 24 is slidably mounted in a bed 31 so as to remain in alinement with the decreasing diameter of the roll of tape on SA. The pitch of the spiral windings is such as to cause an overlapping of the formed edges as shown in Figure 9, these edges be ing brought together, ready to be mutually engaged by the reduction in the width of the strip caused by the rollers 32 and 32A which function to form a bead around each of the re-enforcing wires or rods 21 and 21A. Finally the engaged flanges pass beneath the roller which firmly presses them against the mandrel into a locked joint, as shown in Figure 10, forming a water-tightseal. These bead-forming and joint-locking rollers are journalled in the housing 34 slidably mounted in the bed 35, said housing being subject to a heavy spring pressure so as to insure tautness in the winding of the strip and formation of the shell case about the mandrel. lVhen the proper length of shell has been formed, a wire-tying device is employed to hold the bottom end of the strip in position while the same is being cut, and the other end of the strip is released from the mandrel.

lVhen the mandrel has been thus completely wrapped, a boot of pressed steel is slipped on the end of the shell and a waterproof jointis made between the shell and boot by hand manipulation.

The mandrel and shell are then driven into the ground, leaving the top of the shell projecting above the surface. The mandrel is then collapsed and withdrawn and the shell is filled with concrete.

By the process described, a shell is provided which is integral throughout its entire length and so constructed as to be water and mud tight. By its re-ent'orcement the shell is able to withstand pressure of the earth and the forces set up by the driving of piles within its immediate vicinity.

By my invention, it is possible to construct a shell at the place of its use and of the exact length desired and of other required dimensions. The strength requisite is attainable by selecting the proper gauge of metal strip and the proper diameter of re-enforcing wire. By making the shell at the site, the necessity for transportation and storage of shells or sections of shells is dispensed with, as well as the need for cutting to lengths, or piecing out of sections and also the practice of limiting the pile to the length of the readymade section, though the earth has not been penetrated to the bottom desired as the foundation for the pile.

By use of a continuous shell the cost of calking section joints, as is necessary and the usual practice with sectional casings, is obviated; also the risks of weakening of the pile from the opening of these joints is overcome.

By the means and method described, the recited objects of my invention and the other feature of advantage specified are attained and a material saving in cost of foundations is effected.

I believe my invention to be susceptible of embodiment in and capable of practice by other means than those specifically illustrated and described, and therefore do not intend to be understood as limiting it thereto, save as defined by the appended claims, in which I claim as new:

1. In the method of forming integral metallic casings for use in making concrete piles, as described, the steps consisting in withdrawing a collapsible mandrel from the ground and progressively winding a metallic strip spirally about said mandrel while it is withdrawn.

2. In the method of forming integral metallic casings for use in making concrete piles, as described, the steps consisting in withdrawing a collapsible mandrel from the ground and progressively winding a metallic strip spirally about said mandrel while it is withdrawn, and interlocking the adjoining edges of the strip.

3. The method of forming a metallic casng for use in making concrete piles consistmg in spirally-wrapping a metallic strip about a collapsible mandrel while the latter is moving vertically, interlocking the adjoining edges of the strip, driving the wrapped mandrel into the ground, collapsing the mandrel and withdrawing same from the casing.

4. In the formation of concrete piles, driving a collapsible mandrel encased with a strip of spirally wound metal into the ground, collapsing said mandrel, withdrawing it from the ground, and spirally winding a strip of metal about the mandrel as it is withdrawn to provide the same with a metallic casing.

5. In a method of the character described, moving a collapsible mandrel axially upward while wrapping a strip of metal spirally about the same to provide a casing for the mandrel, then driving the mandrel and casing into the ground, collapsing the mandrel and withdrawing the same upwardly from the casing, and filling the casing with concrete after the mandrel has been withdrawn.

6. In a method of the character described, raising a mandrel and spirally wrapping the same with a metal strip to form a casing about the mandrel while the latter is being elevated, then driving the encased mandrel into the ground, withdrawing the mandrel from the casing and leaving the latter within the ground and filling the casing with concrete.

7. In a method of the character described, vertically elevating a mandrel while spirally wrapping the same from its upper toward its lower end with a metallic strip to fornr a casing about the mandrel, then driving the encased mandrel into the ground, withdrawing the mandrel from the casing, and filling the casing with concrete.

WILLIAM R. MARSDEN. 

